The Difference Between First Fix And Second Fix Carpentry

The Difference Between First Fix And Second Fix Carpentry

All carpentry involves cutting, shaping and assembling wooden materials to create structures, fittings and furnishings. However, the on-site tasks of a commercial carpentry contractor can mostly be categorised into either first fix or second fix carpentry. Understanding how the two types of tasks differ can help guide your decision-making process during each stage of your build, and make it easier for you to plan and deliver construction projects.

What is first fix carpentry?

First fix carpentry involves the installation of structural elements (e.g. stud walls, joists, roof trusses, timber frameworks, staircases, floating floors). This work happens before the second fix so that other on-site construction trades (plumbing, electrical etc.) can run their services without worrying about being blocked by structural carpentry components. First fix carpentry also includes any preparatory work such as cutting out door frames or laying floorboards.

Although first fix carpentry items are usually hidden once the building is complete, precision is key, as it is essential that all measurements and dimensions are correct to the drawings and all items are installed correctly using the specified fittings, thus ensuring that all elements fit together and the building is structurally sound. This avoids the expense and time involved in correcting mistakes later.

In other words, first fix carpentry lays the groundwork for everything else that needs to be completed in a building. First fix carpentry contractors establish the structure on which all other trades will rely. As a project manager or main contractor in charge of the development, it’s important to get this right because it’s difficult to undo mistakes at the first fix stage due to the structural elements already being in place.

What is second fix carpentry?

Second fix carpentry refers to the finishings, fixtures and supporting woodwork that is installed in a building once all other trades have finished their first fix work and plastering and mist coats have been applied. At this point, second fix and finals items are installed throughout the build, for carpentry this includes door linings and skirting boards, window frames, stair components, doors, architraves, ironmongery, etc. Second fix carpentry requires even more attention to detail than first fix as it focuses on the visible elements rather than the structure and load-bearing strength of a building - e.g., making sure that doors open and close correctly and making sure cupboards or shelving units fit perfectly into a space.

Second fix carpentry also includes installing kitchen and bathroom units, fitting finals items (ironmongery, bathroom fittings, hooks, shelves, etc) and other finishing works and adjustments needed once works have been completed by other trades.

How do I know what type of carpentry I need for my project?

Most new build construction developments require both first fix and second fix carpentry, but the answer to this question depends on what stage your building project is at and the structural build process you are using (e.g. traditional masonry, structural timber, steel). If you are just starting out with your build or are at the planning stage, you may need a carpentry company to install the timber frame, then complete the first fix elements before moving onto second fix carpentry. On the other hand, if you are carrying out a renovation, refurbishment or conversion, you will already have the structural elements in place and may only need a carpentry contractor for second fix.

It’s important to bear in mind that both first and second fix carpentry are equally important when constructing a stable structure so it’s best practice to complete both before completing any cosmetic touches such as painting or decorating.

A good carpentry company will save you time and money by working closely with other trades at all stages of the build. Contracting the same company to carry out your structural, first fix, second fix and finals carpentry, and even the painting and decorating could save you even more.

What next?

At SC4 Carpenters and Decorators, we offer a full service first and second fix carpentry and joinery solution for construction businesses, as well as decorating and finishing. If you need help with any aspect of the carpentry work you require for your build then please feel free to contact us for further advice.